What Is an Investment?
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One of the reasons many people fail, even very woefully, in the game of investing is that they play it without understanding the rules that regulate it. It is an obvious truth that you can not win a game if you violate its rules. However, you must know the rules before you will be able to avoid violating them. Another reason people fail in investing is that they play the game without understanding what it is all about. This is why it is important to unmask the meaning of the term, 'investment'. What is an investment? An investment is an income-generating valuable. It is very important that you take note of every word in the definition because they are important in understanding the real meaning of investment.
From the definition above, there are two key features of an investment. Every possession, owning or property (of yours) must satisfy both conditions before it can qualify to become (or be called) an investment. Otherwise, it will be something other than an investment. The first feature of an investment is that it is a valuable – something that is very useful or important. Here, any possession, owning or property (of yours) that has no value is not, and can not be, an investment. By the standard of this definition, a worthless, useless or insignificant possession, owning or property is not an investment. Every investment has value that can be quantified monetarily. In other words, every investment has a monetary value.
The second feature of an investment is that, in addition to being a valuable, it must be income-generating. This means that it must be able to make money for the owner, or at least, help the owner in the money-making process. Every investment has wealth-creating capacity, obligation, responsibility and function. This is an inalienable feature of an investment. Any possession, owning or property that can not generate income for the owner, or at least help the owner in generating income, is not, and can not be, an investment, irrespective of how valuable or precious it may be. In addition, any belonging that can not play any of these financial roles is not an investment, irrespective of how expensive or possibly it may be.
There is another feature of an investment that is very closely related to the second feature described above which you should be very mindful of. This will also help you realize if a valuable is an investment or not. An investment that does not generate money in the strict sense, or help in generating income, saves money. Such an investment saves the owner from some expenses he would have been making in its absence, although it may lack the capacity to attract some money to the pocket of the investor. By so doing, the investment generates money for the owner, though not in the strict sense. In other words, the investment still performs a wealth-creating function for the owner / investor.
As a rule, every valuable, in addition to being something that is very useful and important, must have the capacity to generate income for the owner, or save money for him, before it can qualify to be called an investment. It is very important to emphasize the second feature of an investment (ie an investment as being income-generating). The reason for this claim is that most people consider only the first feature in their judgments on what constitutes an investment. They understand an investment simply as a valuable, even if the valuable is income-devouring. Such a misconception usually has serious long-term financial constraints. Such people often make cost financially mistakes that cost them fortunes in life.
Perhaps, one of the causes of this misconception is that it is acceptable in the academic world. In financial studies in conventional educational institutions and academic publications, investments – other called assets – refer to valuables or properties. This is why business organizations regard all their valuables and properties as their assets, even if they do not generate any income for them. This notation of investment is unacceptable among financially literate people because it is not only incorrect, but also misleading and deceptive. This is why some organizations ignoreantly consider their liabilities as their assets. This is also why some people also consider their liabilities as their assets / investments.
It is a pity that many people, especially financially ignorant people, consider valuables that consume their incomes, but do not generate any income for them, as investments. Such people record their income-consuming valuables on the list of their investments. People who do so are financial illiterates. This is why they have no future in their finances. What financially literate people describe as income-consuming valuables are considered as investments by financial illiterates. This shows a difference in perception, reasoning and mindset financially financially literate people and financially illiterate and ignorant people. This is why financially literate people have future in their finances while financial illiterates do not.
From the definition above, the first thing you should consider in investing is, "How valuable is what you want to acquire with your money as an investment?" The higher the value, all things being equal, the better the investment (although the higher the cost of the acquisition will likely be). The second factor is, "How much can it generate for you?" If it is a valuable but non income-generating, then it is not (and can not be) an investment, needless to say that it can not be income-generating if it is not a valuable. Here, if you can not answer both questions in the affirmative, then what you are doing can not be investing and what you are acquiring can not be an investment. At best, you may be acquiring a liability.
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